pages 130-9 in ANCIENT ANCESTORS

BUSLI

ROGER de BUSLI

ERNALD

ERNALD de BUSLI

JORDAN

WILLIAM I (see below)

JORDAN de BUSLI, b 1091, d 1162,

RICHARD

RICHARD de BUSLI, b 1116, d 1179, m in 1141 EMMA

JOHN

JOHN BUSLI, b 1145, d 1213, m ca 1164 CICELY dau of WILLIAM II de BUSLI (see below)

IDONEA, d 1241, m ROBERT VIPONT (see under Vipont for descendants)

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WILLIAM I de BUSLI (see above), d 1015, m HAWISE dau of WILLIAM ESPEC

WILLIAM II

WILLIAM II de BUSLI, b 1090, d 1164, m as 1^st husband of ROESIA dau of BALDWIN FITZ-GILBERT de CLARE (see under Clare for ancestors)

CICELY, m JOHN BUSLI (see above)

BUTLER - Earls of Ormonde

RICHARD FITZGILBERT de CLARE, “de Bienfaite”, or “of Tunbridge”, (see under Clare for ancestors), m ROHESE, dau of WALTER GIFFARD, Earl of Buckingham (see under Giffard for ancestors).

ROBERT, a younger son

ROBERT FITZRICHARD, d 1134, buried in the Priory of St. Neots, Steward to HENRY I, received the forfeited fiefs of the Baynards in the eastern counties, m MAUD, dau of SIMON St LIZ, Earl of Huntingdon (see under St. Liz for ancestors)

WALTER FITZROBERT

WALTER FITZROBERT, d 1198, buried in Dunmow Priory, m 1^stly MAUD, Lady of Diss and dau of REYNOLD de LUCY (see under Lucy for ancestors)

Robert FitzWalter

HERVEY WALTER I

HERVEY WALTER I, m MAUDE, a sister of Gilbert Becket (a Rouen merchant originally from Thierceville in Normandy, who settled in London and became Sheriff of London, m Matilda, and had son Thomas-à-Becket)

HERVEY WALTER II of West Dereham, Norfolk

HERVEY WALTER II of West Dereham, d bef 1190, m MATILDA, dau and co-heir of THEOBALD de VALOINES, Lord of Parham, Suffolk, (with her sister BERTHA, the wife of HENRY II’s great justiciar RANULF de GLANVILLE). See under Valognes for ancestors.

Hubert Walter, Dean of York, Archbishop of Canterbury, Chief Justice and Governor of the Kingdom and during absence of Richard I overseas was Chancellor of England

1199, d 1205

THEOBALD WALTER or FITZWALTER, d 1205

Roger Walter

Hamo Walter

THEOBALD WALTER, d 1206, came to Ireland with King HENRY II in 1185 and was granted vast estates, including Lordship of Carrick, with the great office of Hereditary Chief Botiler (Butler) which gave his descendants their surname. He later the same year accompanied Prince JOHN to Ireland. He m MAUD, dau of Sir ROBERT le VAVASOUR and granddau of WILLIAM le VAVASOUR, Justiciary of England (see under Vavasour for ancestors). She later m Fulke FitzWarine.

son 1

THEOBALD le BOTILER, 2^nd Butler

MAUD, m Sir GERALD de PRENDERGAST, Lord of Enniscorthy & Duffrey, Co Wexford (see under Prendergast for descendants)

THEOBALD le BOTILER, 2^nd Butler, b 1199/1200, d 19.7.1230, m 1^stly JOAN, eldest sister and co-heir of GEOFFREY de MARREIS, Justiciar of Ireland (see under de Marisco/Marreis for ancestors)

THEOBALD, 3^rd BUTLER

THEOBALD, 2^nd Butler 2^ndly m at the King’s request ROHESIA, dau and heiress of NICHOLAS de VERDON (see under Verdons for ancestry)

JOHN de VERDON, (alias Le Botiller) who succeeded to his mother’s lands and was ancestor of the Lords Verdon (see under Verdon for descendants)

Humphrey, Rector of Alveton, d 1285

Nicholas of Clumore, dsp

THEOBALD de VERDON, ancestor of the Verdons, Lords of Darleston and Biddulph

MAUD, m JOHN FITZ-ALAN, Earl of Arundel (see under FitzAlan for descendants)

THEOBALD, 3^rd BUTLER, b ca 1216, d 1248, m ca 1242 MARGERY, eldest dau of RICHARD de BURGO, Lord Deputy of Ireland (see under Burke for ancestors)

THEOBALD, 4^th BUTLER, b ca 1242, d 26.9.1285,

THEOBALD, 4^th BUTLER of Thurles and Nenagh, etc, m JOAN, 4^th dau of JOHN FITZGEOFFREY, Lord of Kirtling and Baron of Berkhampstead, Lord Justiciar of Ireland and ygst son of GEOFFREY FITZPIERS, Earl of Essex and Lord Justiciary of England (see under FitzPiers for ancestors)

Theobald, 5^th Butler, b 1268/9, d unm 1299

EDMOND, 6^th BUTLER (heir to his brother),

THOMAS, knighted bef 1314, summoned to Parliament 1324 under the title Lord of Dunboyne. Ancestor of the Barons Dunboyne. He m in 1308 SYNOLDA Le PETIT,

Lady of Dunboyne and Mullingar (see under Butlers, Dunboyne, for descendants)

EDMOND, 6^th BUTLER, d 1321 after pilgrimage to shrine of St. James of Compostella in Spain. Lord Deputy of Ireland in 1312, Chief Governor of Ireland and Lord Justice 1314, created Earl of Carrick in 1315, m in 1302 Lady JOAN FITZGERALD, dau of JOHN FITZTHOMAS FITZGERALD, 1^st Earl of KILDARE (see under FitzGerald, Earls of Kildare for ancestors)

JAMES BUTLER, created Earl of Ormonde in 1328

JOHN, ancestor of the Viscounts Ikerrin, and by creation in 1748, Earls of Carrick.

Joane, m 1321 Roger Mortimer, 2^nd son of 2^nd Earl of March

JAMES le BOTILLER, 1^st Earl of ORMONDE, d 1337/8, m 1^stly in 1327 Lady ELEANOR (ALIANORE) de BOHUN, (d 1363) 2^nd dau of HUMPHREY, Earl of Hereford and Essex (see under de Bohun for ancestors), by his wife Princess ELIZABETH PLANTAGENET (dau of King EDWARD I), and by virtue of this alliance was created Earl of Ormonde.

JAMES, 2^nd Earl of ORMONDE

PETRONILLA, m GILBERT 3^rd Lord Talbot (see under Talbot for descendants)

JAMES, 2^nd Earl of ORMONDE, d 1382, ancestor of Earls of Ossory, Viscounts Thurles, Marquesses and Dukes of Ormonde, Lord Barons of Dunboyne. He m ELIZABETH (d 1390), dau of Sir JOHN D’ARCY, Justiciar of Ireland 1324-7.

JAMES, 3^rd Earl of Ormonde.

ELEANOR, m GERALD FITZMAURICE, 4^th Earl of DESMOND (see under FitzMaurice for descendants)

KATHERINE, m THOMAS FLEMING, Lord of Slane (see under Fleming for descendants)

JAMES, 3^rd Earl of Ormonde, d 1405, Lord Justice of Ireland in 1392, m ANNE de WELLES, dau of 5^th Baron WELLES (see under Welles for ancestors)

JAMES, 4^th or “White Earl", d 1452, became Ulster King of Arms, Lord Deputy and Lord Lieut of Ireland, m JOAN FITZGERALD heiress of GERALD, 5^th Earl of Kildare. Their grand- daughter MARGARET m Sir WILLIAM BOLEYN, becoming grandparents of Anne Boleyn, mother of Queen Elizabeth I.

RICHARD

dau m Taig O’Carroll, killed 1407 by forces of his brothers-in-law JAMES “the White Earl”

Thomas “le Baccagh”

JAMES also had an illegitimate son Thomas “le Baccagh” (Lame) became Prior of Kilmainham

RICHARD BUTLER of Polestown, first of the family to marry an Irish girl m CATHERINE, dau of GILDAS O’REILLY, Lord of East Breffny, Co Cavan

EDMUND

CATHERINE m ca 1450 RICHARD le POER (see under Power for descendants)

EDMUND MacRICHARD BUTLER, d 1464, m KATHERINE, dau of MAOLRONY O’CARROLL

JAMES BUTLER

JAMES BUTLER, d 1467, had a love affair with and eventually m SABINA (SAIV), dau of DONEL REAGH MacMORROGH KAVANAGH, King of Leinster (see under MacMurrough for ancestors)

Esmond, born before parents’ marriage and thus illegitimate

Theobald, ditto

PIERS, 8^th Earl of Ormonde, born after parents’ marriage.

Ellice, m Sir Oliver Morres de Marisco of Knockagh (d 1522)

PIERS ROE BUTLER “the Red Piers”, 8^th Earl of Ormonde and also later of Ossory, d 1539, Chief Governor of Ireland, Ireland’s greatest man after GARRET MORE. He m Lady MARGARET FITZGERALD, 2^nd dau of GARRET MORE, 8^th Earl of Kildare (see under FitzGerald for ancestors)

James, 9^th Earl

Richard, created Viscount Mountgarret

JOAN, m ca 1520 JAMES BUTLER, 9^th Lord Dunboyne XE "BUTLER - Barons of Dunboyne" (see under Butler, Barons of Dunboyne, for descendants)

ELLEN, m DONOUGH (Ramhar) O’BRIEN, 2^nd Earl of Thomond (see under O’Brien for descendants)

CATHERINE, m RICHARD, 2^nd Baron le POER (see under Power for descendants)

ELLICE, m GERALD FITZJOHN FITZGERALD of Dromana (see under FitzGerald, Barons of Dromana for descendants)

Thomas, d 1532

Margaret, m Richard Mór de Burgh, Lord of Upper Connaught

Edmund, Bishop of Cashel

BUTLER - Barons of Dunboyne

THEOBALD, 4^th Butler, (see under Butler, Earls of Ormonde, for ancestors), m JOAN, 4^th dau of JOHN FITZPETER FITZGEOFFREY, Lord of Kirtling and Baron of Berkhampstead, Lord Justice of Scotland and ygst son of GEOFFREY FITZPIERS, Earl of Essex and Lord Justiciary of England.

Theobald, 5^th Butler, b 1268/9, d unm 1299

EDMOND, 6^th Butler (heir to his brother),

THOMAS le BOTILER

THOMAS le BOTILER, slain at Battle of Mullingar 1329, knighted bef 1314, summoned to Parliament 1324 under the title Lord of Dunboyne. He m in 1308 SYNOLDA Le PETIT, LADY of DUNBOYNE and Molyngar, only child and heiress of WILLIAM Le PETIT, 6^th Lord of Dunboyne and Molyngar. (In the reign of Richard I, William Le Petyt, 1^st Lord of Dunboyne and Molyngar, succeeded Hugh de Lacy, Earl of Hereford, as Lord Justice of Ireland). See under Petit for ancestors.

PETER BUTLER, 2^nd Lord of Dunboyne

PETER BUTLER, 2^nd Lord of Dunboyne, d 1370 after Battle of Limerick, m KATHERINE, dau of JOHN de BERMINGHAM, Lord of Kiltenian (see under Bermingham for ancestors)

Sons 1, 2 and 3 died bef 1370

WILLIAM, 3^rd Lord of Dunboyne

WILLIAM BUTLER, 3^rd Lord of Dunboyne, slain 1406 defending the mitre of St. Patrick at Battle of Croghan, m in 1398 ELIZABETH, dau of his cousin NICHOLAS le POER of Waterford (see under Power, Earls of Tyrone for ancestors)

Peter, 4^th Lord of Dunboyne dsp 1415

Edmond, 5^th Lord of Dunboyne dsp 1419

JAMES BUTLER, 6^th Lord of Dunboyne

JAMES BUTLER, 6^th Lord of Dunboyne, d 1445, m MORINA O’BRIEN

EDMOND FITZJAMES le BOTILER, 7^th Lord of Dunboyne

EDMOND FITZJAMES le BOTILER, 7^th Lord of Dunboyne m CATHERINE, dau of RICHARD BUTLER of Boelick

JAMES le BOTILER, 8^th Lord of Dunboyne

JAMES le BOTILER, 8^th Lord of Dunboyne, d 1533, m ELEANOR, dau of M’CARTIE REAGH (see under MacCarthy for ancestors)

JAMES le BOTILER, 9^th Lord of Dunboyne,

JAMES BUTLER, 9^th Lord Dunboyne, d 1538, m JOAN, dau of 8^th Earl of Ormonde (see under Butler, Earls of Ormonde, for ancestors)

Sir Edmund Butler, 1^st Baron of Dunboyne

Peter or Pierce, d 1571, (“Wild Peter”), who 2^ndly m Lady Honora FitzGerald, dau of 10^th Earl of Desmond

Theobald of Brittas

Thomas, Rector of Knockgraffon

ELLEN, m DAVID, Viscount ROCHE and FERMOY ca 1550. (see under Roche for descendants).

BUTTEVANT - Viscounts (See under Barry)

BYZANTIUM - EMPERORS (at Constantinople)

The Family of Justinian

JUSTUS

Justin I, Emperor (518-27), m Lipicina (Euphemia)

VIGILANTIA, m SABBATIUS

Justinian I “the Great”, b 482, Emperor (527-65), m as 2^nd husband of Theodora (see below)

VIGILANTIA, m DULCISSIMUS

Justin II, Emperor (565-78), m Sophia dau of Comito brother of Theodora (see below)

Marcellus

PRAEJECTA, 1^stly m FLAVIUS IOHANNES

IOHANNES MYSTAKON, d 585, m PLACIDIA

EUPHEMIA, m her cousin GREGORIUS (see below)

VIGILANTIA, m THEODORUS

GREGORIUS, d 587 (see below)

EPIPHANIA, m HERACLIUS (see below under House of Heraclius)

PRAEJECTA

GERMANUS, d 550, 1^stly m Passara

son

GERMANUS 2^ndly m MATASUNTHA, Ostrogothic Queen of Italy (see under Ostrogoths)

GERMANUS “Postumus”, d 605, ancestor of ANASTASIA, wife of CONSTANTINE IV (see below)

GREGORIUS (see above), d 587, m his cousin EUPHEMIA

NICETAS, d 629, m THEODOSIA

GREGORIA, m CONSTANTINE III (see below)

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A bear-keeper at the hippodrome and his circus performer wife

Theodora Lupicina, had by various liaisons

3 daus, of whom one had a son

Anastasius, m Joannina dau of Belisarius and Antonina (who’d had a son Photius by a previous liaison)

Theodora 2^ndly m Justinian, Emperor (527-75) - see above – and took name Euphemia

Comito, whose dau

Sophia, m Justin II, Emperor (565-78) - see above

The Emperors Tiberius Constantine, Maurice and Phocas

Tiberius II, a Thracian, joint-Regent with Sophia for insane Justin II from 574, took the name Constantine upon becoming Emperor (578-13 Aug 582), m Ino who was later rechristened Anastasia

dau 1

Constantina, m Maurice (see below)

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Maurice “the Cappadocian”, Emperor (582-602 when executed), b in Cappadocian town Arabissos, killed by soldiers of Phocas, had been chosen by Tiberius II Constantine as his successor and m his 2^nd dau Constantina (see above)

Theodosius, m dau of Germanus

+ 7 other children (4 younger sons killed with father; 3 daughters sent with mother to a nunnery) In 607/08 Phocas had Constantina and her 3 daus executed in same ditch

where Maurice had been killed.

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Phocas, Emperor (602-610 when chopped into pieces)

dau, m Priscus, d in a monastery 612

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The Family of Heraclius

ANON

HERACLIUS (see below)

GREGORIUS

NICETAS, m Dau of Emperor HERACLIUS

GREGORIA, m CONSTANTINE III (see below)

HERACLIUS (see above), Exarch in Carthage, d 610, m EPIPHANEA (see under JUSTUS above for ancestors)

HERACLIUS, Emperor (see below)

Theodore, recovered the “true cross” from the Persians

Maria

Martina, m as 2^nd wife of her uncle HERACLIUS

HERACLIUS, Emperor (610-41), m in 610 1^stly FABIA, thence known as EUDOCIA (d 612) - see under House of above for ancestors)

EPIPHANIA, engaged to but did not m Khagan ZIEBEL of the Khazars XE "Khazars - Khagans" , & m his son HARBIS

ANASTASIA, d 690, m IBI-SHEGI (IBUZIR), Khagan of the Khazars

Theodora, 2^nd wife of JUSTINIAN II (see below)

IBUZIR, King of the Khazars (690-715), m PRISET

BARJIK, King of the Khazars (715-31)

IRENE, d 750, m CONSTANTINE V (see below)

CONSTANTINE III

Dau, m NICETAS (see above)

HERACLIUS 2^ndly m his niece Martina (her tongue was cut out 641 by order of the Senate), d 652

Heraclius, known as Heraclonas, joint Emperor 641 (had nose slit by order of Senate)

Theodosius, deaf & dumb + 3 other sons & 4 daus of whom 4 died in infancy

CONSTANTINE III, joint Emperor for 3½ months in 641, m GREGORIA, dau of NICETAS (see above)

CONSTANTINE later known as CONSTANS II (HERACLIUS), b 631

Theodosius, murdered 660 by order of CONSTANS II

CONSTANS II (HERACLIUS) “Pogonatus” (Bearded), Emperor (641-15 Sept 668 when killed by attendant with a soap dish), m FAUSTA, dau of VALENTINUS ARSHAKUNI (d 645)

CONSTANTINE IV

Heraclius, hanged 681

Tiberius, d 681

CONSTANTINE IV, b 652, Emperor (668-85), m ANASTASIA, dau of IOHANNES ATHALRIC, grandson of GERMANUS “Postumus” son of MATASUNTHA, Ostrogothic Queen of Italy (see under Ostrogoths for ancestors)

JUSTINIAN II

JUSTINIAN II “Rhinotmetus”, Emperor (685-95 & 706-11when beheaded), m 1^stly EUDOCIA

Juliana, m ABD al-MALIK, 10^th Omayyad Caliph of Damascus (685-705)

ANASTASIA, m TERVEL of Bulgaria, d 721

MARIA, m her cousin LEO III (see below)

EUDOXIA, m KONON of Syria

LEO III (see below)

JUSTINIAN II 2^ndly m dau (renamed Theodora) dau of Khagan IBUZIR of the Khazars; she d 548 as widow of Helebolus of Syria

Tiberius, b 705, Co-Emperor, killed 711

Justin, killed 711

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The Emperors Tiberias III, Phillipus, Anastasius II and Theodosius III

Leontius, Emperor (695-8 when deposed); followed by Apsimar, a drungarius (vice-admiral), later known as Tiberius III, Emperor (698-706) when overthrown by JUSTINIAN II and beheaded with Leontius

Theodosius, Bishop of Ephesus

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Vardan (Bardanes), an Armenian, renamed himself Phillipus as Emperor (711-13 when deposed and his eyes put out)

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Artemius, renamed himself Anastasius II as Emperor (713-15 when deposed), d 719 in a monastery

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Theodosius III, a tax-gatherer, Emperor (715-17 when abdicated), retired to a monastery

Son

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The Family of Leo III the Syrian

LEO III, “the Iconoclast” (smasher of icons) , Emperor (717-41) son of KONON a Syrian (see above) mistakenly known in later history as “the Isaurian” and EUDOXIA JUSTINA dau of Emperor JUSTINIAN II (see above), m his cousin MARIA (see above)

CONSTANTINE V (see below)

ANNA, m ARTAVASDOS (who proclaimed himself Basileus in 741-3 after defeating CONSTANTINE V ), blinded 743

NICEPHOROS, Associate Emperor (see below), blinded 743 with father

Nicetas, blinded 743

CONSTANTINE V “Copronymus” (so called because of a little accident at his christening!) Emperor (741 & 743-75). He was bi-sexual & m 3 times. By IRENE, a Khazar Princess, d ca 750, (see above)

Leo IV (see below)

IRENE, m Associate Emperor NICEPHOROS (see below)

By that Princess and his other wives Constantine V also had other children

Caesar Nicephorus, forced to become a priest, blinded 792

+ 4 other sons, all forced into priesthood & later had tongues cut out 792

+ dau

Leo IV “the Khazar”, Emperor (775-80), m an Athenian who adopted the name Irene and became Empress. After the death of Leo she ruled as Regent during childhood of her son Constantine VI and after having his eyes put out in 797. She received an offer of marriage in 802 from CHARLEMAGNE who was then Holy Roman Emperor of the West. However she was deposed in 803 to prevent her accepting the offer. XE "Holy Roman Emperors"

Constantine VI

Constantine VI, Emperor (780-97), b 770, 1^stly m the Paphlagonian Maria of Amnia (divorced 795).

Euphrosyne, m as 2^nd wife of Emperor MICHAEL II (820-29)

Constantine VI 2^ndly m Theodote

Leo d a few months old

Constantine VI Note: Some authorities hold that he then married Rotrou, dau of CHARLEMAGNE.

? a dau

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NICEPHOROS (see above), Associate Emperor (742-3 when blinded), m IRENE, dau of Emperor CONSTANTINE V (see above)

NICEPHOROS I, Emperor (801-11), m IRENE, sister of MIKHAEL I RHANGABÈ (see below)

Staurakios, Emperor (811 when deposed) m Theophano, a “bride show” Athenian

PROKOPIA, m MIKHAEL I RHANGABÈ, Emperor (811-13 when deposed), d 845

THEOPHYLACTOS, castrated 813

MELISSENA, m INGERUS MARTINAKIUS

EUDOCIA INGERINA, m MICHAEL III & BASILEUS (see below)

Patricius

PROCOPIUS

ANNA, m NIKETOS SKLEROS (see below)

Nicetas & a 3^rd son castrated 813, + 2 daus

ANNA, m BARDAS, Prince of the Gnoumi

LEO V

LEO V, an Armenian, strategos of the Anatolics, led a revolt and was made Emperor (813-20 when murdered), m THEODOCIA, d 791, dau of ARSCHAVIER (ARTAVASDOS), Prince of Kamsarakan, son of BARDAS a patrikos

Gregory, Archbishop of Syracuse

Symbatios & 3 other sons castrated

ANNA, m HMAYEAK, Prince of the Mamikonids (see under Armenia, Mamikonid dynasty for ancestors)

HMAYEAK, died between 780 & 797, and above wife ANNA

KONSTANTINOS

KONSTANTINOS, b 785, d 840, m PANCALO BAGRATINA of Armenia

BARDAS

BASILIUS I “the Macedonian”, Emperor (867-86) - see below

BARDAS, magistros

BASILEOS

GREGORIA, m 1^stly NIKETAS SKLEROS (see under Skleros below for descendants)

The Amorian dynasty

MICHAEL II “the Stammerer”, Emperor (820-9), an Amorian friend (from Phrygia) and supporter of LEO V, came to the throne in fetters after LEO was murdered in 820, m 1^stly THECLA

THEOPHILUS

MICHAEL II 2^ndly m Euphrosyne (see above)

Helene, m Theophobus, d 841

THEOPHILUS, Emperor (829-42 when he died of dysentery), m THEODORA, dau of MARINUS & TEOCTISTA FLORINA, a niece of Sergius Nicetiates & sister of Caesar Bardas who was Regent (856-66) and of Petronas.

MICHAEL III

Maria, m Alexius

Thecla, mistress of Emperor BASILIUS I (see below)

+ 3 other daughters

MICHAEL III, “the Drunkard”, Emperor (842-67), m Eudocia Decapolitana. The drunken and capricious MICHAEL III found a favourite in the so-called Macedonian peasant Basil (Basilius) whom he raised within 9 yrs to become Co-Emperor, meanwhile having left his 1^st wife Maria to marry the Emperor’s half-Swedish mistress EUDOCIA INGERINA. In 866 MICHAEL and Basil murdered Bardas, the brother of THEODORA, and Basil became associated with MICHAEL III as joint rulers. However in September the next year Basil assassinated MICHAEL III and from then on ruled alone.

LEO VI (Note: The weight of evidence suggests that he was the son of MICHAEL III rather than of Basil)

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The Macedonian dynasty

BASILIUS I “the Macedonian”, Emperor (867-86) - see above for ancestors - m 1^stly Maria (divorced 865) Note: Basilius, b 812, Emperor (867-86), who was actually not a Macedonian is nevertheless commonly held to be founder of the Macedonian dynasty as the possible father of LEO VI. He reconquered Italy from Arabs 880.

Konstantinos, Associate Emperor (870-79)

BASILIUS 2^ndly m EUDOCIA Ingerina (d 882), who had been mistress of MICHAEL III

Alexandros, Emperor (912-13)

Stephen, Patriarch of Constantinople (886-903)

His mistress in a ménage à quatre with MICHAEL & EUDOCIA was Thecla (see above)

LEO VI, “the Wise”, b 866, Emperor (886-912), hated by BASILIUS possibly because of doubts as to whether BASILIUS or MICHAEL III was his actual father. He 1^stly m Theophano.

Eudocia

LEO VI 2^ndly m ZOE ZAUTSINA, dau of STYLIANOS son of TSAUTZES, Strategos of Macedonia

ANNA “Porphyrogenita”, d 914, m LOUIS III BERONIDES “the Blind”, King of Provence and Italy, Emperor of the West (see under Vienne for descendants)

LEO VI 3^rdly m Eudocia Baiana

Son, d an infant

Byzantine law forbade a 4^th marriage. Nevertheless when his mistress ZOË “Carbonopsina” (the black-eyed) bore him a son LEO VI then married her. After LEO’s death and the death of Alexander, ZOË ruled as sole Regent (913-919).

KONSTANTINOS VII

Basil

KONSTANTINOS VII “Porphyrogenitus” (meaning born while father was emperor), b 905, Emperor (913-19 & 945-59), d 959 from poisoning by his son ROMANUS II and his wife THEOPHANA, m HELENA dau of ROMANUS I “Lecapenus” (see below)

Theodora m as 2^nd wife of Emperor Iwannes (John) I Zimiskes (969-76)

Zoë

Theophano

Anna

Agatha

ROMANUS II (see below)

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THEOPHYLACTES ASBASTAKTOS, an Armenian alive ca 871

ROMANUS I LECAPENUS

ROMANUS I LECAPENUS, an Armenian soldier, Emperor Colleague (920-44), d 948. His 3 sons were in turn made co-Emperors. In 944 the 2^nd and 3^rd sons deposed him and made him a monk. He died in 948, m Anon

AGATHA LECAPENA, m ROMANUS ARGYROPOLUS (see below), great grand-parents of Emperor Romanus III Argyrus and ARGYRA, 2^nd wife of

KONSTANTINOS IX.

THEOPHYLACTES ASBASTAKTOS, an Armenian alive ca 871

ROMANUS I LECAPENUS

AGATHA LECAPENA, m ROMANUS ARGYROPOLUS (see below), great grand-parents of Emperor Romanus III Argyrus and ARGYRA, 2^nd wife of

KONSTANTINOS IX.

ROMANUS I 2^ndly m in 920 THEODORA (d 937)

HELENA, d 961, m in 919 KONSTANTINOS VII “Porphyrogenitus” (see above)

KHRISTOPHOROS, Associate Emperor (921-934)

Stephanos, Associate Emperor (924-4), poisoned at Lesbos 963

Konstantinos, Associate Emperor (924-45), assassinated at Samothrace 965

Romanus

Sons Romanus, Michael and Basil were all mutilated

Theophylact, made Patriarch of Constantinople (933-56)

KHRISTOPHOROS, Associate Emperor (921-934) m SOPHIA

MARÍA-IRENE, m PETAR, Tsar of Bulgaria (see under Bulgaria for descendants)

Michael

Romanus

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ROMANUS II (see above), b 940, Associate Emperor from 948 and sole Emperor (959-963). He 1^stly m Eudocia (Bertha), dau of HUGH of Arles.

ROMANUS II 2^ndly m in 957 the low-born courtesan THEOPHANA dau of CRATERUS a tavern keeper. She became Regent in 963 and 2^ndly m Nicephorus II Phocas (son of Bardas Phocas) who then became co-Regent (963-69) & was murdered 969. (She then fell in love with the Armenian John Tzimisces).

Basilios (Basil) II “Bulgaroctonus” (had eyes of the Bulgarian troops put out), Byzantine Emperor (976-1025), re-built Church of the Holy Sepulchre after it had been

burnt down in 1004 by order of the mad Caliph Hakim of Cairo

KONSTANTINOS VIII (see below)

THEOPHANA, m in 972 as 2^nd wife of OTTO II of Germany (see under Germany for descendants)

ANNA, d 1011, m VLADIMIR, Great Prince of Kiev (see under Kiev for descendants).

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Nicephorus II Phocas (son of Bardas Phocas), Emperor (963-69 when murdered) - had m THEOPHANA (see above)

………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..

John I Tzimisces, Emperor (969-76) - had also m THEOPHANA (see above)

……………………………………………………………………………………………………………….

KONSTANTINOS VIII “Porphyrogenitus” (see above), Emperor (1025-28), m HELENA, d 1032

EUDOCIA, disfigured by smallpox, m ANDRONICUS DUCAS (see below)

Zoë, d 1050, m 1^stly Romanus III Argyrus (1028-34) who had been forced to divorce his 1^st wife (he was a descendant of the Emperor ROMANUS I LECAPENUS).

Romanus III was murdered in his bath by Zoë and her much younger lover Mikhael “the Paphlagonian” who then became Emperor Mikhael IV “the

Paphlagonian” (1034-41). He had several eunuch brothers and a sister Mary who m Stephanos and had a son who became Emperor Mikhael V Caliphates (1041-

42). Zoë then m KONSTANTINOS IX “Monomachus” (see below)

Theodora, Empress (1054-56), adopted Mikhael VI, Emperor, d 1059

.......................................................................................................................................................

THEODOSIUS DALASSENUS

KONSTANTINOS DALASSENUS IX “Monomachus”

Euprepia, had as a lover her cousin Tornicius

KONSTANTINOS IX “Monomachus” (1042-55). Lost his 1^st wife and then m ARGYRA dau of PULCHERIA (see below for ancestors) “the stately” sister of Emperor Romanus III Argyrus who had married as 1^st husband of Zoë dau of KONSTANTINOS VIII (see above)

MARÍA m VSÉVOLOD, Great Prince of Kiev (see under Kiev for descendants)

KONSTANTINOS IX then m Zoë himself who was by then quite elderly but still had young lovers.

KONSTANTINOS IX also had two mistresses. One, Sclerina was a niece of PULCHERIA and lived quite happily with Zoë. The other was an Alan Princess.

...............................................................................………….......................................................................

Michael VI ‘Stratioticus” - the Aged - (1056-57 when deposed)

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Isaac I, Emperor (1057-59) when he abdicated to become a monk, son of MANUEL COMNENUS (see below)

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The Ducas dynasty

ANDRONICUS, alive 908

CONSTANTINOS

CONSTANTINOS, Caesar, d 913, m dau of GREGORIAS IBERITZES

GREGORAS

GREGORAS, killed 913

ANDRONICUS DUCAS, alive 1020, possibly protospatharios and strategos of Bulgaria

ANDRONICUS DUCAS, m EUDOCIA, dau of KONSTANTINOS VIII (see above)

MARIA, m JOHN WLADISSLAV, Tsar of West Bulgaria (see under Bulgaria for descendants)

Constantine X, Emperor (1059-67),m as 1^st husband of Eudocia Macrembolitissa. She 2^ndlym Emperor Romanus IV Diogenes (1068-71dying with his eyes put our after

defeat at Manzikert)

Michael VII Ducas, Emperor (1071-78 when deposed), m Maria of Alania, dau of Bagrat V of Georgia. She 2^ndly m Emperor Nicephorus III Boteniates (1078-81

when he retired to a monastery)

JOHN

SOPHIA, m MANUEL COMNENUS (see below)

IONNES (JOHN) DUCAS, Caesar, pretender to throne of Emperor 1059 & 1073, d ca 1088, m EIRENE PEGONITISSA, dau of General NIKETAS PEGONITES

ANDRONICUS

Constantine

ANDRONICUS DUCAS, d 1077 as monk Antonios, m MARÍA, dau of TRAJAN of Bulgaria (see under Bulgaria for ancestors)

John

EIRENE DUCAS, m ALEXIUS I COMNENUS (for descendants see under Comnenus dynasty below)

MICHAEL

Anna

Theodora

139

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