December
2001 ETSG Team: Transformation of Constituent Assembly into Legislative
Assembly: Do we need a new election? Seminar Proceedings
added Jan 4
"As the Constituent Assembly moving swiftly
to finalize and approve the Constitution
of East Timor, debates about their transformation into Legislative Assembly
has already taken place. Mr. Xanana Gusmao,
East Timor’s national leader began addressing the issue publicly by arguing
that East Timor needs a new election to elect the members of the Legislative
Assembly. The elections for the Legislative Assembly can be done together
with presidential elections in 2002. The reaction against that option was
mixed. Mr. Mari Alkatiri, Chief-Minister in Second
Transitional Cabinet and Secretary General of Fretilin,
the majority party in the Constituent Assembly and Mr. Francisco Guterres,
Lu-Olo, President of Fretilin and the Constituent Assembly disagreed. They
argue that East Timorese need more funding to rebuild their houses and
providing food for their families instead of wasting money in new elections.
... " ETSG Team: Paulino Guterres, BA; Francisco da Costa Guterres, MA;
Estanislau de Sousa Saldanha, M.Tech; Helder da Costa, Ph.D; João
M. Saldanha, Ph.D
December
2001 UNTAET: Peacekeeping Force (Fact Sheet 17) Info added
Jan 4
"UNTAET’s Peacekeeping Force maintains
security in East Timor and renders humanitarian assistance to its people.
The current deployment of 8,000 troops from 21 nations will be reduced
to 5,000 troops and military observers by independence." UNTAET Press Office
Bahasa Indonesia/Malay:
Desember
2001 BLH: Tinjauan Tentang Bantuan Bilateral untuk Timor Lorosa’e
Artikel ditambahkan tanggal 1 Januari
2002
"Sampai dua tahun yang lalu, masyarakat
internasional umumnya mengabaikan Timor Lorosa’e. Pendudukan
militer Indonesia yang ilegal menurut hukum internasional telah menghalangi
banyak negara untuk mengirimkan bantuan ekonomi kepada
Timor Lorosa’e. Tetapi, dengan berakhirnya pendudukan itu, banyak negara
mendanai proyek-proyek di sini. Bantuan ekonomi ini tidak bisa menggantikan
pengabaian itu, dan jumlah uang yang dikirim para donor tidaklah cukup
untuk mengganti kerugian akibat penindasan Indonesia selama hampir 24 tahun
– penindasan yang juga didanai dan didukung oleh
banyak negara donor yang sama – tetapi penting untuk membuat Timor
Lorosa’e kembali berdiri di atas kakinya sendiri." La'o
Hamutuk: Institut Pemantau dan Analisis Rekonstruksi Timor Timur
December
UNTAET: 2nd Tranisitional Government (Fact Sheets 3&4)
Info added Jan 1
"* The Transitional
Government comprises a Chief Minister [Dr. Marí Bin Amude Alkatiri,
Fretilin],
ten Ministers, seven Vice-Ministers and three Secretaries of State. The
Transitional Government is supported by a number of high-level East Timorese
advisors who report to the Chief Minister. * As the Transitional Government’s
representative body, the Council of Ministers collectively takes the most
significant decisions of the Transitional Government on policy and financial
matters, under the Transitional Administrator’s [Sergio Vieira de Mello]
ultimate authority and in close consultation with him. The Transitional
Government will also recommend to the Transitional Administrator the promulgation
of legislation in close consultation with the Transitional Administrator,
who retains the ultimate executive and legislative authority. [Includes
a list of the members of the Second East Timor Transitional Government]"
UNTAET Press Office
Dec
31 AFP: Anti-riot troops ready in West Timor for closure of refugee camps
News added Jan 1
“The camps will gradually be closed as
the government’s aid will halt by the end of December, and the police will
take stern measures against those who refuse to leave the [refugee]
camps,” Provincial spokesman Kosapilawan
“Those rioting or provoking violence will
be shot on sight. This is to prevent social conflicts from spreading in
the province,” East Nusa Tenggara Police chief Brigadier General Yacobus
Jacki Uli
Dec
31 JP: All E.Timorese refugees must leave camps by Jan. 1; rioters to be
shot News added Dec 31
"In December 1999 only 100,000 people
remained in West Timor’s refugee camps. Since
then the government had provided them with 400 grams of rice and Rp 1,500
per day for each person. The government had earlier said that it was time
the refugees became independent. Now that the government has decided to
stop the aid, their refugee status will be withdrawn, and they must be
independent and try to survive as other fellow citizens do. ... According
to Brig. Gen. Jacobus, the officers would take preventive actions to deal
with the refugees. “However, those rioting or provoking violence will be
shot on sight. This is to prevent social conflicts from spreading in the
province.” " Yemris Fointuna, The Jakarta Post, Kupang
December
UNTAET: Timor Sea (Fact Sheet 18) Info added Dec 31
"Much progress has been made in recent
talks between East Timor and representatives of petroleum companies on
outstanding issues. East Timor believes that a successful outcome in this
regard can be achieved soon. The Second Transitional
Government of East Timor, sworn in on 20 September, has indicated its
willingness to ensure that East Timor’s tax regime provides oil companies
with a fair rate of return. The Government has stressed the great importance
to East Timor of gas
development in the Timor Sea as a major source of future revenues."
Catherine McKenna & Jonathan Morrow, UNTAET Press Office
December
UNTAET: UNTAET Basic Facts (Fact Sheet 2) Info added Dec
31
" ... the United Nations Security Council
extended the mandate of the United Nations Transitional Administration
in East Timor (UNTAET) until 31 January 2002, bearing in mind the possible
need for adjustments related to the independence timetable. ... The current
authorized deployment of nearly 8,900 Peacekeeping troops will be reduced
to 5,000 troops and military observers by independence. ... Planning for
UNTAET Successor Mission: Under the coordination of the Office of the SRSG,
planning teams on police, military and civilian components have been established."
UNTAET Press Office
Dec
30 Yale: Health Care in ETimor Overview added Dec 31
"Summary & Conclusions: The
development of an effective health care system in East Timor requires that
the following issues be addressed: a) coordination of various health care
programs ... b) complete the basic training of the East Timorese medical
students who have completed some training c) develop longterm educational
goals for the country, in terms of strategies to train physicians, nurses,
para-medical personnel d) development of programs to train village health
care workers ... " Fredric O. Finkelstein, M.D. & Susan H. Finkelstein,
MSW, Yale University
Dec
28 Aus: No room for Timor refugees News added Dec 31
"About 1600 East Timorese who have been
struggling for up to eight years to stay in Australia would not be given
special consideration because refugee places are too scarce, Immigration
Minister Philip Ruddock said yesterday." Megan Saunders, The Australian
“I believe the Government should now give
anyone who wants it permanent residence on the grounds we stuffed around
with them ... It’s gone on too long, and most of it was the Government’s
problem in that they kept arguing on the basis the refugees were Portuguese.
That was ludicrous and unfair, and really was an abuse of process.” Marion
Le, Independent Council for Refugee Advocacy president
Dec
28 Age: Timorese Rejected for Refugee Visas News added
Dec 31
"Refugee lawyer Liz Biok said many of
the East Timorese were young women whose husbands had been killed and who
had been victims of rape, while many others came as children or in family
groups. Many had been severely tortured and all had been traumatised, she
said. ... Sister Josephine Mitchell, of the Mary
MacKillop Institute of East Timorese Studies in Sydney, said the young
asylum seekers should be allowed to live here permanently, or at least
be allowed to stay long enough to obtain educational qualifications." Darren
Gray, The Age
Dec
28 ABC: East Timor reassures political asylum seekers
News added Dec 31
"The Chief Minister of East Timor, Mari
Alkatiri, says up to sixteen hundred asylum seekers in Australia should
have no fear of returning to East Timor. ... Dr Alkatiri says the East
Timorese have a right to stay in Australia on some grounds, but political
asylum should not be one of them." ABC Radio Australia News
Dec
28 CT: UN urges soft line on Timor refugees News added
Dec 31
"I think for the majority the situation
is safe to return, however it all depends on individual cases for some,
the situation is not yet right and it may never be right for return ...
Even non-refugees would understand that eight years is certainly a very
long time; you’ve put down new roots, you have children born in these new
countries, they are educated there. It would be difficult for anyone to
then think of uprooting again.” Jake Morland, UN High Commission for Refugees,
Dili
Dec
28 Lee: Oz-ET asylum seekers/Ruddock statement Action
added Dec 31
" ... to allow 1600 [Timorese asylum seekers]
to finish education -TAFE, high school, uni, etc. would be a far more “cost
effective” form of aid than many of the current projects operating inside
East Timor. In short, the cost of resettling these 1600 back to East Timor
will far exceed the cost of allowing them to remain in the Australian community
... After all, they received minimum assistance since their arrival here
[in Australia] in the wake of the ‘Dili massacre’ ... most of the “cost”
of their resettlement (in oz) has been born by the long standing Timorese
community that has been here since the late 1970s and by sympathetic charities
and refugee support groups and the individuals themselves. ... Are the
Timorese to become the latest pawns/scapegoats in the govt’s hard line
policy over refugees since the Tampa crisis? ...
" Jefferson Lee, Australia
Dec
22 Linton: Cambodia, ETimor & Sierra Leone: Experiments in International
Justice Intro & link added Dec 31
"In Cambodia, East Timor and Sierra Leone,
the United Nations has been involved in efforts to create a new species
of tribunal for the prosecution of international crimes. These are the
“internationalised domestic tribunals”, grafted onto the judicial structure
of a nation where massive violations of human rights and humanitarian law
have taken place, or created as a treaty based organ, separate from that
structure. In a radical move away from the earlier prevailing wisdom that
the non-inclusion in any position of nationals of the country most affected
would preserve impartiality, objectivity and neutrality, mixed panels of
international and local judges have jurisdiction to try crimes such as
genocide,
crimes against humanity and war crimes." Suzannah Linton, author of
Cambodia,
East Timor and Sierra Leone: Experiments in International Justice
Dec
20 ETAN/IHRN: Rights groups condemn end run on military training restrictions
Release added Dec 31
"Counter-terrorism
must not be used as an excuse to resume training
for a military [Indonesian military (TNI)] which terrorizes its own
people and continues to enjoy impunity for its scorched-earth
campaign in East Timor ... The bill does not specify what will be taught
in the program. There is no requirement preventing these funds from being
used to train the Indonesian military, and we don’t think they should.”
Kurt Biddle, Washington Coordinator, Indonesia
Human Rights Network (IHRN)
“Until the Indonesian military and government
comply with the very reasonable conditions in the Foreign Operations Appropriations
bill, the US government should not be training Indonesian military personnel.
These restrictions were put in place for a reason,” John M. Miller, spokesperson
for East Timor Action Network (ETAN)
Bahasa Indonesia/Malay:
Buletin La'o Hamutuk:
[PDF format]
Vol. 2, No. 8 December 2001
Tinjauan Tentang Bantuan
Bilateral untuk Timor Lorosa’e:
http://www.etan.org/lh/PDFs/lh2n8bh.pdf
La'o Hamutuk Bulletin:
Vol. 2, No. 8 December 2001
Bilateral Aid:
http://www.etan.org/lh/bulletins/bulletinv2n8.html
Dec
17 Linguistic map of Timor Island Info added Dec 17
A Linguistic map of Timor Island is available
at: http://rspas.anu.edu.au/linguistics/UabMeto/map.html
Languages of Timor Lorosae: http://www.ethnologue.com/show_country.asp?name=Timor+Lorosae
Dec
16 WSLS/LV: New Terrorist Laws Threaten Democratic Rights
Urgent Action update added Dec 16
"New Laws: * ASIO to get powers
of arrest and detention for up to 48 hours * The removal of the right to
silence when under questioning * The creation of terrorist offences and
related legislation violating the rights to freedom of expression, assembly
and association * Removal of privacy rights and increased powers for government
to seize organisation's assets * Denial of the right to legal representation
... In Australia ... Federal Cabinet has announced some extraordinary proposals
and over the coming months proposed legislation will be made public. The
legislation is likely to be considered in February so it is important for
civil society to act now and influence the debate over what are acceptable
changes, if any, to our democratic and civil rights. ... In Australia,
support for the East Timorese's independence movement
could have been banned." Damien Lawson, Western Suburbs Legal Service,
Melbourne & Anne O'Rourke, Liberty Victoria (Australia)
Dec
15 IPRD: Indonesia, ETimor & The Western Powers: A Case Study
Research paper added Dec 18
"Indonesia and East Timor are prime examples
of how Western foreign policy actually systematically
results in the violation of human rights, the support of terror, the
creation of conflict and the sabotage of peace. Policy, it seems, is formulated
primarily on the basis of achieving regional strategic and economic interests,
with humanitarian principles being systematically sidelined. In this context,
we must view Western claims to be harbingers of humanitarianism, leading
a genuine war against
terrorism, with much skepticism." Nafeez Mosaddeq Ahmed, Director of
the Institute for Policy Research & Development and a Researcher at
the Islamic Human Rights Commission
Bahasa Indonesia/Malay:
Laporan utama
Des
14 JSMP: Keadilan Dalam Praktek: HAK asasi manusia dalam administrasi pengadilan
Laporan ditambahkan tanggal Desember 17
"Laporan ini mengkaji efektivitas administrasi
Panel Khusus untuk Kejahatan Serius dari Pengadilan
Distrik Dili yang dibentuk oleh Pemerintah Transisi PBB di Timor Lorosa’e
(UNTAET). Panel Khusus ini diberi mandat untuk menangani Kejahatan-kejahatan
Serius yang dilakukan selama pendudukan Indonesia, termasuk kampanye tindak
kekerasan di tahun 1999. Kemampuan Panel ini untuk menegakkan keadilan
secara adil dan independen sangat penting bagi proses
rekonsiliasi yang tengah digalakkan. ... Untuk merangkum rekomendasi-rekomendasi
yang diketengahkan: perencanaan strategis yang komprehensif berdasarkan
pada analisa kebutuhan yang lengkap harus merupakan suatu prioritas. Hal
ini harus mengarah kepada perubahan substansial pada administrasi pengadilan,
termasuk mobilisasi sumber-daya yang semakin meningkat secara signifikan
dan pelatihan terkoordinir serta pemantauan
terhadap staff Timor Lorosa’e. Ini menyimpulkan bahwa tanpa suatu struktur
administrasi jelas, tanggung-jawab yang didefinisikan dengan benar dan
pelatihan memadai serta dukungan teknis, sistem peradilan Timor Lorosa’e
yang baru dan Panel Khusus untuk Kejahatan Serius akan tetap bergelut."
Program
Pemantauan Sistim Peradilan
Portuguese:
Principal original
Dec
14 JSMP: Justiça na práctica: direitos humonos na administração
do tribunal
Reportagem de Dec 17
"Este relatório examina a efectividade
da administração do Painel Especial para Crimes Sérios
do Tribunal do Distrito de Díli que tem sido criado pela Administração
Transitória das Nações Unidas em Timor Leste (UNTAET).
Essses Paineis especiais são mandatados para tratar dos crimes sérios
cometidos durante a ocupação Indonésia, incluido a
campanha de violência em 1999. As suas abilidades de ministrar justiça
num clima justo e independente é vital para sustentar o decorrente
processo
de reconciliação. ... Para resumir as recomendações
apresentadas aqui: plano estratégico compreensivo, baseado na total
nescessidade de avaliação, deve ser uma prioridade. Isto
deveria conduzir a reformas substanciais da administração,
inclusive um melhoramento significativo da mobilização dos
recursos e terinamento coordenado dos stafs
de Timor Leste. Isto conclui de que sem uma estrutura administrativa
lúcida, responsabilidades bem definidas, treinos adequados e assistência
técnica, o novo sistema judicial de Timor Leste e os Paineis Especiais
para Crimes Sérios continuarão a ser uma luta." Programa
de Monitorização do Sistema Judicial (PMSJ)
Major Report
Dec
14 JSMP: Justice in Practice - Human Rights in Court Administration
Executive summary added Dec 17
"Since February 2001 the Judicial System
Monitoring Programme (JSMP) has been providing independent monitoring and
analysis of the Special Panels of the Dili District Court. Through court
observation of the Serious Crimes trials, JSMP monitors have observed a
series of problems that are impeding the proper development of this important
part of East Timor’s new justice system. JSMP’s first thematic report Justice
in Practice: Human Rights in Court Administration examines these problems
and their implications for the system’s capacity to comply with international
human rights standards and fulfil its role in the broader reconciliation
process in East Timor. The report also contains a series of recomendations
that have been forwarded to the UN Transitional Administration and the
Minister for Justice." Judicial System Monitoring
Programme (JSMP)
Dec
13 S-DCW: Washington Gave Green Light to Invasion of East Timor
Article added Dec 31
"If Americans needed any reminding how,
during the cold war, U.S. policymakers subordinated Wilsonian principles
of self-determination to the larger anticommunist struggle, they should
read several secret U.S. documents surrounding Indonesia’s invasion of
East Timor obtained and released this week by the independent National
Security Archive (NSA). The documents confirm that visiting U.S. President
Gerald Ford and Secretary of State Henry Kissinger gave
a green light to President Suharto for the invasion." Jim Lobe, contributing
editor, Foreign Policy in Focus &
journalist, Inter Press Service, an international news agency
Current
AETA Resource List (Australia-East Timor Association)
Resources on ETimor updated Dec 16
AETA
(Melbourne) provide a community-based service that includes the provision
of books, educational materials, Tetum language books/kits and music CDs/cassettes.
This diverse collection of resources includes materials that are otherwise
difficult to obtain. - BD
Dec
12 Basilio Araujo: Tetun as the official language of the future East Timor
Letters added Dec 29
"We have to congratulate the members of
the Constituet
assembly who have decided courageously to pass Tetun as the official
language of the future East Timor independent country. ... It is not true
that chosing Tetun is the same as closing ourselves to the world. ... The
future East Timorese generation will thank and salute you for your historic
decision." Basilio Araujo, author, thesis on Morphology of East Timor Language,
Christian University of Jakarta (UKI)
Begins December 11th: Donor Conference for East Timor Venue: Norway
Dec
11 Leite: Legal imperative of self-determination: Lessons from E Timor
for W Sahara Article added Jan 26
Identical situations must be treated by
law in the same way. Since the famous UN Resolution 1514 of 1960 the right
to self-determination is recognized as a basic right of all peoples. ...
President Habibie had already proposed autonomy as a way to solve the conflict
of East Timor. The Timorese, Portugal and the UN rejected it, keeping firm
on the application of the principle of self-determination. Therefore, the
question put to the voters in the referendum was: “Do you ACCEPT the proposed
special autonomy for East Timor within the Unitary State of the Republic
of Indonesia? OR Do you REJECT the proposed special autonomy for East Timor,
leading to East Timor’s separation from Indonesia?” The proposed autonomy
was there, but as a conclusion of a process of free choice by the East
Timorese, together with the other option, the independence. Contrarily,
in the “Framework Agreement” for Western Sahara, autonomy is determined
from the beginning; it is thus imposed on the Sahrawi people, before they
have the chance to freely choose their status." Pedro Pinto Leite, Secretary
of the International Platform of Jurists for East Timor & member of
the Executive Council of the International Association of Jurists for Western
Sahara
Dec
11 AFP: Tetum and Portuguese named Timor's official languages
News added Dec 29
"East Timor’s fledgling lawmaking body
on Tuesday adopted the tongues of both their native ancestors and Portuguese
colonisers as the official languages of the world’s newest nation. Tetum
and Portuguese were given the nod by 80 members of the 88-person constituent
assembly, a body elected three months ago to draft a founding constitution
for the half-island territory now five months away from full independence."
Agence France Presse
“We used Tetum to recruit and unite people
in the struggle against Indonesia ... (Independence leader) Xanana
Gusmao used Tetum when he wrote letters to the youth, so we’ve always
considered it the language of resistance" Mariano Sabino Lopes, of the
youth-oriented Democratic Party
December 10th: International
Human Rights Day
See: BD:
War Crimes & Crimes Against Humanity
(East Timor & Indonesia)
Dec
10 Basilio Araujo: Research of the Morphology of Tetun Language
Letters added Dec 29
"I have found my thesis on Morphology
of East Timor Language. ... Since East Timor is on its early stages for
nationhood, I would like to contribute this thesis to the ministry of Education
of East Timor in order to print it out for use by the teachers of East
Timor Language in East Timor. I am sure that this research on Tetun Language
Morphology is very important for the preparation of Tetun to become the
national languge in the future." Basilio Araujo, author, thesis on Morphology
of East Timor Language, Christian University of Jakarta (UKI)
Dec
8 ETNGOs: Commemoration Day of the Commencement of the Pacific War
Letter added Jan 24
"The Pacific War which was begun by the
Imperial Nation of Japan on 8 December sixty years ago, cost around 40,000
innocent lives in East Timor during the time period of three and half
years of the military occupation of the Emperor of Japan. ... History is
very important in order to build a better future. For that reason, mistakes
of the past have to be straighten out before steps can be made forward.
If not, human history has already proven similar mistakes will be repeated.
... We are aware that Japan is the largest donor
nation for the East Timor Trust Fund and has given major attention
to the reconstruction of East Timor. And
we too would like to express our gratitude for this assistance. However,
this assistance may not simply cover up the wounds that have been inflicted
by the Japanese military on this land of East Timor. If there is no justice,
there can be no betterment of life." Representatives
of 20 East Timorese Non-Government Organisations (NGOs)
December 7, 1975:
Indonesia commences invasion,
occupation and genocide in Timor Lorosae
See: BD:
War Crimes & Crimes Against Humanity
(East Timor & Indonesia)
Portuguese:
Principal original
Dez 7 Assembleia Constituinte:
Constituição - Texto Base: [420KB PDF format]
Inclusive: * Texto Base * Recomendações
Das Comissões Temáticas * Recomendações Da
Mesa Da Comissão De Sistematização E Harmonização
* Observações
ETAN U.S. Web: http://etan.org/etanpdf/pdf2/draftconpt.pdf
Major Report
Dec 7 Constituent Assembly:
Draft Constitution: [430KB PDF format]
Includes Draft Constitution and Recommendations
made by the Thematic Committees & the Chair of the Systematisation
and Harmonisation Commission.
Link to East Timor Action
Network U.S. site: http://etan.org/etanpdf/pdf2/draftconsten.pdf
Dec
6 NSAEB: Ford, Kissinger and the Indonesian Invasion, 1975-76
Article added Dec 31
"Most recently, journalist Christopher
Hitchens raised questions about the role of former Secretary of State Henry
Kissinger in giving
a green light to the invasion [of East Timor] that has left perhaps
200,000 dead in the years since. Two newly declassified documents from
the Gerald R. Ford Presidential Library, released to the National Security
Archive, shed light on the Ford administration’s relationship with President
Suharto of Indonesia during 1975. Of special importance is the record of
Ford’s and Kissinger’s meeting with Suharto in early December 1975. The
document shows that Suharto began the invasion knowing that he had the
full approval of the White House." National Security Archive Electronic
Briefing Book No. 62
Portuguese:
Dec
3 OTL: A Reconciliação
Reportagem de Dec 18
"Timor Leste chega à independência
e são muitos os novos desafios. Após 24 anos de violência
há muitas feridas a curar. A guerra contra a Indonésia envolveu
Timorenses dos dois lados. Para que possam voltar a viver e enfrentar juntos
o futuro, a reconciliação entre Timorenses é prioritária;
mas poderá haver reconciliação sem justiça?
Foi criada uma Comissão
de Acolhimento, Verdade e Reconciliação. Qual a atitude
dos dois lados perante a ideia de reconciliação? Como é
que cada lado vê as condições necessárias para
a reconciliação: verdade, desculpas e reparações,
perdão? A reconciliação não é uma solução
de facilidade." Observatório
Timor Leste
Dec
3 ETO: Reconciliation Overview added Dec 15
"As independence draws near, a variety
of new and continuing challenges face East Timor. 24 years of violence
have left many wounds yet to heal. Timorese fought on both sides in the
war with Indonesia. Reconciliation is now of paramount importance if Timorese
are to live in peace again and enjoy a stable future together. But can
there be reconciliation without justice? A Commission
for Reception, Truth and Reconciliation Commission has been set up.
What do the two sides think about reconciliation? What do they consider
to be the requirements for reconciliation: truth-seeking, public apology
and redress, pardon? Reconciliation is not an easy option." East
Timor Observatory
Dec
1 PL: A Grammar of Tetun Dili Info added Dec 16
"Pacific Linguistics is happy to announce
the publication of the titles below: A grammar of Tetun Dili, by Catharina
Williams-van Klinken, John Hajek, Rachel Nordlinger ... Tetun Dili is an
Austronesian language spoken as a first language in Dili, East Timor. It
is also spoken as a lingua franca throughout much of this fledgling nation,
and is set to become its national language. ... This work constitutes the
most detailed grammatical description to date of any language of East Timor,
complementing an earlier description of Tetun Terik as spoken in West Timor."
Pacific Linguistics, Research School of Pacific and Asian Studies, Australian
National University, Canberra